Ancient · Buddhist · India

Sanchi Stupa

Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh · 23.4795°, 77.7398°

Buddha (relic stupa)MauryaStupa (with carved toranas)UNESCO World Heritage

Sacred since

262 BCE

first attestation / structure

Standing structure

3rd c. BCE core; toranas 1st c. BCE/CE

patron: Ashoka; Satavahana-era gateways

History & significance

The oldest major stone monument complex of India: Ashoka's Great Stupa, enlarged and ringed with the four carved toranas whose Jataka reliefs founded Indian narrative art. Sanchi housed relics of the Buddha's chief disciples Sariputta and Moggallana, and its unbroken 1,300-year record of Buddhist building makes the hilltop a compressed history of the faith.

Sthala katha — the legend

Ashoka, as a prince, married Devi of nearby Vidisha; their children Mahinda and Sanghamitta — who carried Buddhism and the Bodhi sapling to Sri Lanka — visited this hill, joining Sanchi to the whole southern Buddhist world.

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